GALEX direct-mode observation of comet Machholz Comet Coma Studies


My work with comet Hale-Bopp, in particular the its over-abundance of oxygen [O I] 6300 A emission has led to a long-term interest in cometary coma physics. Bob Glinksi did some work on the collisional chemistry of oxygen, water, and OH in dense cometary comas and found a plausible mechanism for the formation of excessive [O I] emission. Glinski's work suggested that there still may be a need to tweak the photochemical branching ratios of OH. In order to check this, I did some work with observations of comet Hyakutake, which suggested that for comets with more modest production rates than Hale-Bopp, the OH branching ratio problem went away. In other words, Glinksi was on the right track, but his model could use some improvement. In the Hyakutake work, I went on to examine why [O I] observations by other groups may have been yielding artificially high water production rates and came up with a plausible mechanism. I have since discovered an error in my calculations which suggests that the other water production rates were closer to being correct than the paper suggests. This ends up highlighting the need for more comprehensive comet coma models, like the one Glinksi et al. used, in order to fully interpret [O I] data.

I have continued to collect high-quality wide-field observations of coma emissions with the GALEX satellite and ground-based observatories. The GALEX data have enabled measurement of CS and OH emission in comet 9P/Tempel 1 during Deep Impact and a measurement of the ionization lifetime of carbon. I hope to continue the work by measuring the lifetime of CO and quantitatively tracing the contribution of carbon-bearing molecules to the comae of the comets studied by GALEX.


Jeffrey P. Morgenthaler 2010-11-18