Animations produced in the summer of 2010 by undergraduate PSI intern Scott LaPlante.
Mouse over the preview image and click the play icon to see a flash version of the animations. Download high-resolution animations using links to the right of each preview.
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| 1 - Mars with Simulated Oceans |
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Mars with Simulated Oceans - This animation uses elevation data from NASA spacecraft orbiting Mars to help visualize what Mars might look like today if it had oceans. Because of nature of this animation, it is only available in higher definition formats at this time. |
| 2 - Jupiter and Earth Rotation |
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| Jupiter and Earth Rotation Comparison - An interesting perspecive on the relative rotation speeds of Earth and Jupiter. Earth rotates once in 24 hours; Jupiter once in about 9.5 hours. The surface of Earth at the equator is rotating at about 1000 miles per hour, while Jupiter's equatorial cloud-tops are moving nearly 28,000 miles per hour. In this animation both Earth and Jupiter are at their actual relative sizes and obliquity. |
| 3 - Jupiter and Earth Systems |
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| Earth's Moon vs. Ganymede - This animation puts Earth's moon next to Jupiters moon Ganymede, the largest in the solar system. It begins with a brief view of the lunar orbit around Earth. Then pauses the orbital motion to show Ganymede beside the moon. Finally, the camera flys through the Jovian system to show all four Galilean satellites orbting around Jupiter. |
| 4 - Snowball Earth Melting |
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| Snowball Earth Melting - Some 600 million years ago geologists believe that the surface of Earth may have been completely encased in ice, a condition referred to as the "Snowball Earth." This is animation represents a "Snowball Earth" melting to its present climate. Present day elevation data as well as continental distribution are used. |
| 5 - Snowball Earth Freezing |
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| Snowball Earth Freezing - Similar to the above animation but with Earth freezing over rather than melting. |
Animations demonstrating concepts such as lunar phases, seasons, and touching on eclipses. These animations were produced by PSI scientist Steve Kortenkamp.
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| 1 - Lunar Orbit |
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Lunar Orbit - This animation demonstrates the Moon's orbit around Earth. Earth and the moon are shown at their true relative sizes but the moon is placed about 5 times closer to Earth than its actual distance. Earth's rotation has been slowed for aesthetic purposes. In realisty, Earth rotates about 29.5 times in the time it takes the moon or orbit one time with respect to the sun (the cycle of phases). |
| 2 - Full Moon |
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| Full Moon – This animation fixes the moon in its orbit at the full phase. This occurs when the Moon is on the opposite side of Earth from the Sun, lighting up the full face of the Moon from our perspective on Earth. |
| 3 - New Moon |
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| New Moon – This animation fixes the moon in its orbit at the new phase. This occurs when the Moon is on the same side of Earth as the Sun, lighting up the far face of the Moon from our perspective on Earth. |
| 4 - First Quarter Moon |
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| First Quarter Moon – This animation fixes the moon in its orbit at the first quarter phase. This occurs when the Moon is 90° past the new phase, in the counter-clockwise direction. From our perspective on Earth we see only half of the face lit by the sun (or a quarter of the moon). |
| 5 - Third Quarter Moon |
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| Third Quarter Moon – This animation fixes the moon in its orbit at the third quarter phase. This occurs when the Moon is 270° past the new phase, in the counter-clockwise direction. From our perspective on Earth we see only half of the face lit by the sun (or a quarter of the moon). |
| 6 - All Four Phases |
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| All Four Phases – A combination of the previous four animations, with a moon fixed at each of the primary phases.. |
| 7 - Lunar Orbit with Shadows |
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This animation shows the shadows cast by the Earth and Moon against a white wall to demonstrate how lunar and solar eclipses can occur (or not occur). |
| 8 - Lunar Orbit and Ecliptic |
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| Lunar Orbit and the Ecliptic - This animation uses a translucent blue plane to represent the plane of Earth's orbit around the sun. Eclipses can only occur when the moon is crossing this plane. At other times the shadows of Earth and the moon do not line up. |
| 9 - Earth's Orbit with Obliquity |
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Earth's Orbti with Obliquity - Animation of Earth over one full revolution around the Sun. A blue arrow showing the Earth's spin axis demonstrates the concept of obliquity. Also shown are significant lines of latitude on Earth, such as the equator, tropics of capricorn and cancer, and the arctic and antarctic circles. This animation helps to illustrate the effect of Earth's obliquity on the distribution of sunlight falling on different hemispheres of Earth over the course of one year (the cause of seasons). |
| 10 - Earth at Equinoxes and Solstices |
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Earth's Equinoxes and Solstices - A modified version of the previous animation showing the Earth at the four principal points in orbit, the solstices and equinoxes. |
| 11 - Equinoxes and Solstices with Labels |
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Same as the previous animation, but with labels. |
| 12 - Equinoxes and Solstices with Parallel Sunlight |
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| Same as the previous animation but with parallel rays of sunlight.
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| 13 - Equinoxes and Solstices from Above |
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Equinoxes and Soltices from Above - The same animation again but viewed from above to show where light is distributed on the northern hemisphere. |
| 14 - Equinoxes and Solstices from Below |
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Equinoxes and Soltices from Below - Same as above but now viewed from bellow Earth to see the effects in the southern hemisphere. |
| 15 - Earth with Zero Obliquity |
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Earth with Zero Obliquity - Similar to the previous animations but demonstrating effects of zero obliquity, eliminatiing our seasonal changes. The planet Mercury has zero obliquity. |
| 16 - Zero Obliqutiy from Above |
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Zero Obliquity from Above - Similar to the previous animation but showing Earth from above at zero degrees obliquity. |
| 17 - Earth with 90 Degrees Obliquity |
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Earth with 90 Degrees Obliquity - Similar to the previous animations but demonstrating effects of 90 degree obliquity, causing our seasonal changes to be extreme. The planet Uranus has about 90 degree obliquity. |
| 18 - 90 Degrees Obliqutiy from Above |
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90 Degrees Obliquity from Above - The same what if scenario depicted from above. |